虽然主流的逊尼派别都认同应该处死叛教徒，但他们认定叛教徒非常小心。可近代复兴军事化运动则围绕着宣布别人叛教而进行。
读到《Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy》（作者是Jonathan Brown）中的这句话
"At the root of these militant revival movements was the question of Takfir, or declaring someone who claimed to be a Muslim an unbeliever. Unlike followers of other established religions, whose faiths Shariah law uniformly allowed them to practice in peace alongside Muslims, those Muslims who either announced their apostasy from Islam or were declared unbelievers faced an unpleasant fate. Based on Hadiths in which the Prophet stated that ‘Whoever changes his religion [from Islam], kill him,’ and that ‘one who leaves his religion, forsaking the community’ should be punished by death, leaving Islam was a death-penalty offence. This was agreed upon by all the Sunni schools of law (though the Hanafis only punished women apostates with prison). Sunni ulama had historically been excruciatingly cautious about declaring Muslims to be apostates, following the general principle that ‘Those who pray toward Mecca are not to be declared unbelievers.’ Only someone who explicitly declared his renunciation of Islam, actively participated in the rituals of another religion or denied some aspect of Islam that was ‘known essentially as part of the religion,’ like rejecting the requirement to pray five times a day or the finality of Muhammad’s prophethood, was declared an unbeliever. Even a Muslim who drank alcohol, ate pork or fornicated was still Muslim. He was just a sinner. What would push him outside the pale of Islam would be believing that it was permissible in Islam to drink wine, eat pork or fornicate."）
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读到《Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy》（作者是Jonathan Brown）中的这句话
"At the root of these militant revival movements was the question of Takfir, or declaring someone who claimed to be a Muslim an unbeliever. Unlike followers of other established religions, whose faiths Shariah law uniformly allowed them to practice in peace alongside Muslims, those Muslims who either announced their apostasy from Islam or were declared unbelievers faced an unpleasant fate. Based on Hadiths in which the Prophet stated that ‘Whoever changes his religion [from Islam], kill him,’ and that ‘one who leaves his religion, forsaking the community’ should be punished by death, leaving Islam was a death-penalty offence. This was agreed upon by all the Sunni schools of law (though the Hanafis only punished women apostates with prison). Sunni ulama had historically been excruciatingly cautious about declaring Muslims to be apostates, following the general principle that ‘Those who pray toward Mecca are not to be declared unbelievers.’ Only someone who explicitly declared his renunciation of Islam, actively participated in the rituals of another religion or denied some aspect of Islam that was ‘known essentially as part of the religion,’ like rejecting the requirement to pray five times a day or the finality of Muhammad’s prophethood, was declared an unbeliever. Even a Muslim who drank alcohol, ate pork or fornicated was still Muslim. He was just a sinner. What would push him outside the pale of Islam would be believing that it was permissible in Islam to drink wine, eat pork or fornicate."）
开始免费阅读这本书：